San Fernando Observatory

Publications

2024

Chapman, Gary A.; Cookson, Angela M.; Choudhary, Debi P. 2024. TSI modeling: A
comparison of ground-based Ca II K-line data with space-based UV images from the SDO/AIA instrument. JSWSC 14:34C. https://doi.org/10.1051/swsc/2024035.

2022

Chapman, Gary A.; Cookson, Angela M. 2022. Modeling TSI Variations using Ground- and Space-Based Images. AGU Fall Meeting SH54A: 03C.

2020

Choudhary, D.P.; Chapman, G.A.; Cadavid, A.C.; Cookson, A. 2020. Four Solar Cycle Spectrum Variation of the Sun-as-a-Star. AGU Fall Meeting A227:0008.

Choudhary, Debi Prasad; Cadavid, Ana Cristina; Cookson, Angela; Chapman, Gary A. 2020. Variability in Irradiance and Photometric Indices During the last two Solar Cycles. Sol Phys 295:15C. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11207-019-1559-7.

2015

Prasad Choudhary, Debi; Cookson, Angie; Chapman; Gary; Yassin, Kemal. 2015. Observations of the Solar Faculae at San Fernando Observatory and Solar Dynamics Observatory. Joint American Astronomical Society/American Geophysical Union Triennial Earth-Sun Summit 120314.

2014

Chapman, G.A.; de Toma, G.; Cookson, A.M. 2014. An Observed Decline in the Amplitude of Recent Solar-Cycle Peaks. Sol Phys 289:3961. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11207-014-0533-7.

2013

de Toma, G.; Chapman, G.A.; Preminger, D.G.; Cookson, A.M. 2013. Analysis of Sunspot Area over Two Solar Cycles. ApJ 770:89D. https://doi.org/10.1008/0004-637X/770/2/89.

Chapman, G.A.; Cookson, A.M.; Preminger, D.G. 2013. Modeling Total Solar Irradiance with San Fernando Observatory Ground-Based Photometry: Comparison with ACRIM, PMOD, and RMIB Composites. Sol Phys 283:295C. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11207-013-0233-8.

2012

Chapman, G.A.; Cookson, A.M.; Preminger, D.G. 2012. Comparison of TSI from SORCE TIM with SFO Ground-Based Photometry. Sol Phys 276:35C. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11207-011-9867-6.

2011

Preminger, D.G.; Chapman, G.A.; Cookson, A.M. 2011. Activity-brightness Correlations for the Sun and Sun-like Stars. ApJ 739L;45P. https://doi.org/10.1088/2041-8205/739/2/L45.

Chapman, G.A.; Cookson, A.M.; Preminger, D.G. 2011. Sunspot temperatures from red and blue photometry. AUS 273:325C. https://doi.org/10.1017/S17492131105468.

Chapman, G.A.; Dobias, J.J.; Arias, T. 2011. Facular and Sunspot Areas During Solar Cycles 22 and 23. ApJ 728:150C. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/728/2/150.

2010

Preminger, Dora; Nandy, Dibyendu; Chapman, Gary; Martens, Petrus C.H. 2010. Empirical Modeling of Radiative versus Magnetic Flux for the Sun-as-a-Star. Sol Phys 264:13P. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11207-010-9560-1.

2009

Ren, Deqing; Penn, Matt; Wang, Haimin; Chapman, Gary; Plymate, Claude. 2009. A portable solar adaptive optics system. 2009. SPIE 7438E:OPR.

2008

Chapman, G.A.; Dobias, J.J.; Walton, S.R. 2008. On the Variability of the Apparent Solar Radius. ApJ 681:1698C. https://doi.org/10.1086/588512.

Jones, H.P.; Chapman, G.A.; Harvey, K.L.; Pap, J.M.; Preminger, D.G.; Turmon, M.J.; Walton, S.R. 2008. A Comparison of Feature Classification Methods for Modeling Solar IrradianceVariation. Sol Phys 248:323J. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11207-007-9069-4.

Wesolowski, M.J.; Walton, S.R.; Chapman, G.A. 2008. The Behavior of Sunspot Contrast during Cycle 23. Sol Phys 248:141W. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11207-008-9123-x.

2007

Preminger, Dora G.; Walton, Stephen R. 2007. From Sunspot Area to Solar Variability: A Linear Transformation. Sol Phys 240:17P. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11207-007-0335-2.

2006

Preminger, Dora G.; Walton, Stephen R. 2006. Historical solar variability derived from sunspot areas using a FIR model. GeoRL 3323108P. https://doi.org/10.1029/2006GL027823.

Preminger, Dora G.; Walton, Stephen R. 2006. Modeling Solar Spectral Irradiance and Total Magnetic Flux Using Sunspot Areas. Sol Phys 235:387P. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11207-006-0044-2.

Chapman, G.A.; Hoffer, A.S. 2006. The Growth of Facular Area Surrounding Large, Decaying Sunspots. Sol Phys 237:321C. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11207-006-0118-1.

2005

Chapman, G.A.; Hoffer, A.S.; Walton, S.R. 2005. On the Facular Area Surrounding Decaying Sunspots. Sol Phys 226:37C. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11207-005-5189-x.

Preminger, Dora G.; Walton, Stephen R. 2005. A new model of total solar irradiance based on sunspot areas. GeoRL 3214109P. https://doi.org/10.1029/2005GL022839.

Ceja, Jose A.; Walton, Stephen R. 2005. Nonlinear Least-Squares Analysis of Stokes Profiles. Sol Phys 226:17C. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11207-005-6469-1.

2004

De Toma, Giuliana; White, Oran R.; Chapman, Gary A.; Walton, Stephen R.; Preminger, Dora G.; Cookson, Angela M. 2004. Solar Cycle 23: An Anomalous Cycle? ApJ 609:1140D. https://doi.org/10.1086/421104.

Chapman, G.; Cookson, A.; Dobias, J.; Preminger, D.; Walton, S. 2004. Recent Progress in Modeling Variations in TSI. COSPAR 35:3231C.

Chapman, G.A.; Cookson, A.M.; Dobias, J.J.; Preminger, D.G.; Walton, S.R. 2004. Photometry of the full solar disk at the San Fernando Observatory. AdSpR 34:262C.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asr.2002.12.003.

de Toma, G.; White, O.R.; Chapman, G.A.; Walton, S.R. 2004. Solar irradiance variability:progress in measurement and empirical analysis. AdSpR 34:237D.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asr.2003.03.040.

2003

Penn, M.J.; Cao, W.D.; Walton, S.R.; Chapman, G.A.; Livingston, W. 2003. Imaging
Spectropolarimetry of Ti I 2231 nm in a Sunspot. Sol Phys 215:87P.
https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1024858706915.

Penn, M.J.; Cao, W.D.; Walton, S.R.; Chapman, G.A., Livingston, W. 2003. Weak Infrared Molecular Lines Reveal Rapid Outflow in Cool Magnetic Sunspot Penumbral Fibrils. ApJ590L:119P. https://doi.org/10.1086/376749.

Walton, Stephen R.; Preminger, Dora G.; Chapman, Gary A. 2003. The Contribution of Faculae and Network to Long-Term Changes in the Total Solar Irradiance. ApJ 590:1088W. https://doi.org/10.1086/375022.

Walton, Stephen R.; Preminger, Dora G.; Chapman, Gary A. 2003. A Statistical Analysis of the Characteristics of Sunspots and Faculae. Sol Phys 213:301W. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1023986901169.

Penn, M.J.; Walton, S.; Chapman, G.; Ceja, J.; Plick, W. 2003. Temperature Dependence of Molecular Line Strengths and Fe i 1565nm Zeeman Splitting in a Sunspot. Sol Phys 213:55P. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1023271511373.

Chapman, G.A.; Dobias, J.J.; Preminger, D.G.; Walton, S.R. 2003. On the decay rate of sunspots. GeoRL 30:1178C. https://doi.org/10.1029/2002GL016225.

2002

Preminger, D.G.; Walton, S.R.; Chapman, G.A. 2002. Photometric quantities for solar irradiance modeling. JGRA 107:1354P. https://doi.org/10.1029/2001JA009169.

Chapman, G.A. 2002. A Study of AR 9144; A Fast-Growing EFR. Sol Phys 209:141C.
https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1020994131849.

2001

Preminger, Dora G.; Walton, Stephen R.; Chapman, Gary A. 2001. Solar Feature Identification using Contrasts and Contiguity. Sol Phys 202:53P. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1011896413891.

Chapman, G.A.; Cookson, A.M.; Dobias, J.J.; Walton, S.R. 2001. An Improved Determination of the Area Ratio of Faculae to Sunspots. ApJ 555:462C. https://doi.org/10.1086/321466.

de Toma, Giuliana; White, Oran R.; Chapman, Gary A.; Walton, Stephen R.; Preminger, Dora G.; Cookson, Angela M.; Harvey, Karen L. 2001. Differences in the Sun’s Radiative Output in Cycles 22 and 23. ApJ 549L:131D. https://doi.org/10.1086/319127.

2000

Ahern, Sean; Chapman, G.A. 2000. An analysis of full-disk observations of facular contrast in the blue and red. Sol Phys 191:71A. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1005265915752.

1999

Walton, Stephen R.; Preminger, Dora G. 1999. Restoration and Photometry of Full-Disk Solar Images. ApJ 514:959. https://doi.org/10.1086/306977.

1998

Walton, S.R.; Chapman, G.A.; Cookson, A.M.; Dobias, J.J.; Preminger, D.G. 1998. Processing Photometric Full-Disk Solar Images. Sol Phys 179:31W.
https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1005070932205.

Cadavid, A.C.; Lawrence, J.K.; Ruzmaikin, A.A.; Walton, S.R.; Tarbell, T. 1998. Spatiotemporal Correlations and Turbulent Photospheric Flows from SOHO/MDI Velocity Data. 1998. ApJ509:918. https://doi.org/10.1086/306507

Walton, S.R.; Chapman, G.A.; Cookson, A.M.; Dobias, J.J.; Preminger, D.G. 1998. Processing Photometric Full-Disk Solar Images. Sol Phys 179:31. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1005070932205.

Chapman, G.A.; Walton, S.R. 1998. Precision Ground-Based Photometry from Full-Disk Images. Solar Electromagnetic Radiation Study for Solar Cycle 22, Proceedings of the SOLERS22 Workshop held at the National Solar Observatory, Sacramento Peak, Sunspot, New Mexico, June 17-21, 1996. Edited by J. M. Pap, C. Frohlich, and R. K. Ulrich. Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1998., p.437

1997

Chapman, G.A.; Cookson, A.M.; Dobias, J.J. 1997. Solar Variability and the Relation of Facular to Sunspot Area during Solar Cycle 22. ApJ 482:541C. https://doi.org/10.1086/304138.

1996

Chapman, G.A.; Cookson, A.M.; Dobias, J.J. 1996. Variations in total solar irradiance during solar cycle 22. JGR 101:13541. https://doi.org/10.1029/96JA00683

Ruzmaikin, A.A.; Cadavid, A.C.; Chapman, G.A.; Lawrence, J.K.; Walton, S.R. 1996. Spectral Properties of Solar Convection and Diffusion. ApJ 471:1022. https://doi.org/10.1086/178029.

Walton, Stephen R.; Chapman, Gary A. 1996. The San Fernando Observatory Video Spectra-Spectroheliograph. Sol Phys 166:267W. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00149399.

1994

Chapman, G.A.; Cookson, A.M.; Dobias, J.J. 1994. Observations of Changes in the Bolometric Contrast of Sunspots. ApJ 432:403. https://doi.org/10.1086/174578.

Chapman, G.G.; Cookson, A.M.; Hoyt, D.V. 1994. Solar irradiance from Nimbus-7 compared with ground-based photometry. Sol Phys 149:249. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00690613.

1992

Chapman, G.A.; Herzog, A.D.; Lawrence, J.K.; Walton, S.R.; Hudson, H.S.; Fisher, B.M. 1992. Precise ground-based solar photometry and variations of total irradiance. JGR 87:8211. https://doi.org/10.1029/91JAO3018.

1991

Lawrence, J.K.; Chapman, G.A.; Walton, S.R. 1991. Weak Magnetic Fields and Solar Irradiance Variations. ApJ 375:771. https://doi.org/10.1086/170241.

1990

Lawrence, J.K.; Chapman, G.A. 1990. Photometric Observations of the Energetics of Small Solar Active Regions. ApJ 361:709L. https://doi.org/10.1086/169234.

1989

Chapman, G.A.; Herzog, A.D.; Laico, D.E.; Lawrence, J.K.; Templer, M.S. 1989. Photometric Measurements of Solar Irradiance Variations Due to Sunspots. ApJ 343:547C. https://doi.org/10.1086/167728.

1988

Lawrence, J.K.; Chapman, G.A. 1988. Photometric Observations of Facular Contrasts near the Solar Limb. ApJ 335:996L. https://doi.org/10.1086/166986.

Chapman, G.A. 1988. Modelling of total solar irradiance variability from ground-based observations. AdSpR 8g:21C. https://doi.org/10.1016/0273-1177(88)90167-6.

1987

Chapman, G.A. 1987. Solar variability due to sunspots and faculae. JGR 92:809C. https://doi.org/10.1029/JD092iD01p00809.